Cutting or Fat loss Phase
Cutting or Fat Loss Phase needs to be stablished when the trainee is at the right stage for that. Not everyone should start in this phase even though they think they have to do it. Past experiences and nutritional behaviours need to be taken into consideration as it will massive impact the Fat Loss phase.
As an example, Someone who is trying to lose weight for too long and still insists to do that will probably have real hard times to get to his/her goals. You cannot force fat loss. Furthermore, many individuals go through extreme diet protocols which ended up damaging their metabolism, consequently their body will not respond to Fat loss stimulus.
With my experience I can give 2 main case scenarios where it is ideal for you to start the Fat Loss phase if that is the goal.
1 - When the individual has a satisfactory higher muscle mass
2 - After consistent weight gain (Obesity).
In terms of nutrition, the goal here is to lose fat with the most amount of calories as possible not the other way around. If calories are restricted dramatically there is a higher possibility that muscle breakdown is used as fuel rather than fat which makes the process even harder to be achieved. Furthermore, It will get the individual trapped with much easier fast weight regain.